PrepZen Daily Current Affairs & Exam Desk
Editorial · 2 min read · THE HINDU PAPER EDITORIAL

The Caste Census and India's Dual Approach to Identity

Share: WhatsApp
The Supreme Court recently validated the ongoing caste census, rejecting a petition to halt the process. The Chief Justice aptly remarked that any administration must ascertain the demographic distribution of its populace, especially those needing welfare interventions. This pronouncement follows a significant shift in stance by the Narendra Modi government, which previously derided the idea as "urban Naxal" thinking and faced opposition from groups like the RSS, fearing societal fragmentation. However, in April 2025, the government announced caste enumeration as part of Census 2027, marking the first such comprehensive undertaking since 1931. Historically, early independent Indian governments deliberately avoided including caste in the census, believing it would ossify existing divisions rather than help dismantle them . Their vision was a casteless society, yet they simultaneously instituted caste-based affirmative action in employment and representation. This inherent paradox , a dual approach woven into the nation's foundational ethos, persists. The current widespread clamour for a caste census is merely its latest manifestation. The decennial population survey, originally due in 2021, has faced considerable delays due to the COVID-19 pandemic and logistical complexities. The upcoming caste enumeration aims to gather individual caste identities, moving beyond the mere recording of Scheduled Caste or Tribe status. This delay has significant ramifications for policy formulation, as much of India's welfare strategy is intrinsically linked to the caste profile of target beneficiaries. A prior attempt at a national caste count in 2011, the Socio-Economic and Caste Census, was rendered largely unusable due to its open-ended methodology, generating millions of distinct caste names and numerous data errors. The Modi administration still grapples with establishing an effective and accurate enumeration methodology. While a caste census might seem to reinforce identities, it proves invaluable when correlated with socioeconomic indicators to precisely target welfare measures and ensure equitable representation. The ultimate goal must remain the complete annihilation of caste, allowing individuals the autonomy to self-identify as casteless if they choose.

Get daily updates on PrepZen App

Free · 10,000+ downloads · 4.8★

Download

Vocabulary from this Editorial

Abolition noun

The act of formally ending a system, practice, or institution.

Synonyms: eradication, termination, nullification

"The complete abolition of caste discrimination remains a distant but crucial goal for social justice advocates."

Aptly adverb

In a manner that is appropriate or suitable in the circumstances.

Synonyms: appropriately, suitably, fittingly

"The Chief Justice aptly remarked that any administration must ascertain the demographic distribution of its populace."

Ascertain verb

Find something out for certain; make sure of.

Synonyms: determine, establish, discover

"Any administration must ascertain the demographic distribution of its populace, especially those needing welfare interventions."

Autonomy noun

The right or condition of self-government; independence.

Synonyms: independence, self-rule, sovereignty

"The ultimate goal must remain the complete annihilation of caste, allowing individuals the autonomy to self-identify as casteless if they choose."

Beneficiaries noun

A person who derives advantage from something, especially a trust, will, or life insurance policy.

Synonyms: recipients, legatees, heirs

"Much of India's welfare strategy is intrinsically linked to the caste profile of target beneficiaries."

Clamour noun

A loud and confused noise, especially that of people shouting simultaneously.

Synonyms: uproar, din, hubbub

"The current widespread clamour for a caste census is merely its latest manifestation."

Complexities noun

The state or quality of being intricate or complicated.

Synonyms: intricacies, complications, difficulties

"The decennial population survey has faced considerable delays due to logistical complexities."

Comprehensive adjective

Including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something.

Synonyms: inclusive, thorough, complete

"The government announced caste enumeration, marking the first such comprehensive undertaking since 1931."

Correlated verb

Have a mutual relationship or connection, in which one thing affects or depends on another.

Synonyms: associated, connected, linked

"While a caste census might seem to reinforce identities, it proves invaluable when correlated with socioeconomic indicators."

Crucial adjective

Of great importance; extremely significant.

Synonyms: critical, vital, essential

"Establishing an effective and accurate enumeration methodology is crucial for the success of the census."

Demographic adjective

Relating to the structure of populations.

Synonyms: populational, statistical, sociological

"Any administration must ascertain the demographic distribution of its populace."

Derided verb

Express contempt for; ridicule.

Synonyms: mocked, scoffed, ridiculed

"The Narendra Modi government previously derided the idea as "urban Naxal" thinking."

Dismantle verb

Take (a machine or structure) to pieces.

Synonyms: disassemble, demolish, break down

"Early independent Indian governments believed caste enumeration would ossify existing divisions rather than help dismantle them."

Ethos noun

The characteristic spirit of a culture, era, or community as manifested in its beliefs and aspirations.

Synonyms: character, spirit, culture

"This inherent paradox, a dual approach woven into the nation's foundational ethos, persists."

Equitable adjective

Fair and impartial in treatment or judgment.

Synonyms: fair, just, impartial

"A caste census can help to ensure equitable representation."

Fragmentation noun

The process or state of breaking or being broken into small or separate parts.

Synonyms: disintegration, splintering, breaking up

"Groups like the RSS feared societal fragmentation from a caste census."

Grapples verb

Struggle with something difficult or challenging.

Synonyms: struggles, contends, wrestles

"The Modi administration still grapples with establishing an effective and accurate enumeration methodology."

Inherent adjective

Existing in something as a permanent, essential, or characteristic attribute.

Synonyms: intrinsic, innate, ingrained

"This inherent paradox, a dual approach woven into the nation's foundational ethos, persists."

Instituted verb

Set in motion or establish (something, especially a programme, system, or inquiry).

Synonyms: established, launched, initiated

"Early governments simultaneously instituted caste-based affirmative action in employment and representation."

Intrinsically adverb

In an essential or natural way.

Synonyms: inherently, fundamentally, essentially

"Much of India's welfare strategy is intrinsically linked to the caste profile of target beneficiaries."

Manifestation noun

An event, action, or object that clearly shows or embodies something, especially a theory or an abstract idea.

Synonyms: demonstration, display, expression

"The current widespread clamour for a caste census is merely its latest manifestation."

Methodology noun

A system of methods used in a particular area of study or activity.

Synonyms: approach, technique, procedure

"The Modi administration still grapples with establishing an effective and accurate enumeration methodology."

Ossify verb

Turn into bone or bony tissue; cease developing, be inactive or rigid.

Synonyms: harden, solidify, petrify

"Early independent Indian governments believed caste enumeration would ossify existing divisions rather than help dismantle them."

Paradox noun

A seemingly absurd or self-contradictory statement or proposition that when investigated or explained may prove to be well founded or true.

Synonyms: contradiction, enigma, anomaly

"This inherent paradox, a dual approach woven into the nation's foundational ethos, persists."

Populate verb

Form the population of (a town, area, or country).

Synonyms: inhabit, settle, reside in

"Any administration must ascertain the demographic distribution of its populace."

Pronouncement noun

A formal or authoritative announcement or declaration.

Synonyms: declaration, statement, decree

"This pronouncement follows a significant shift in stance by the Narendra Modi government."

Ramifications noun

A complex or unwelcome consequence of an action or event.

Synonyms: consequences, effects, implications

"The delay in the Census has significant ramifications for policy formulation."

Reinforce verb

Strengthen or support (an object or substance), especially with additional material.

Synonyms: strengthen, bolster, buttress

"While a caste census might seem to reinforce identities, it proves invaluable when correlated with socioeconomic indicators."

Stance noun

The way in which someone stands; an intellectual or emotional attitude.

Synonyms: position, attitude, viewpoint

"This pronouncement follows a significant shift in stance by the Narendra Modi government."

Undertaking noun

A formal pledge or promise to do something; a task or enterprise, especially a large or difficult one.

Synonyms: endeavor, enterprise, project

"The government announced caste enumeration, marking the first such comprehensive undertaking since 1931."

Unusable adjective

Not able to be used; not fit for use.

Synonyms: impractical, ineffective, worthless

"A prior attempt at a national caste count was rendered largely unusable due to its open-ended methodology."

Validated verb

Check or prove the validity or accuracy of (something).

Synonyms: confirmed, authenticated, ratified

"The Supreme Court recently validated the ongoing caste census, rejecting a petition to halt the process."

Phrasal Verbs

dismantle them

To take apart; to end or break up a system or institution.

"Early independent Indian governments believed caste enumeration would ossify existing divisions rather than help dismantle them."

linked to

Connected or associated with.

"Much of India's welfare strategy is intrinsically linked to the caste profile of target beneficiaries."

PrepZen

Keep Learning with PrepZen

Get daily current affairs, live mock tests, mistake bank, vocab builder & more — all free on your phone.

Download Now — Free
PrepZen

Get PrepZen Free

Daily CA, Mock Tests & More

GET